sedimentary
Sandstone (Lithic Wacke)
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with rock fragments)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Grey-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Fine to medium-grained; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Grey-brown to tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Grey-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Fine to medium-grained; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deltas, or shallow marine environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in construction as riprap, road base, or building stone. Small specimens are used for teaching basic geology or as landscape accents.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a major reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its high porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel when rubbed. It can be found globally in outcrop formations and riverbeds. Look for bedding planes or layers in larger specimens.
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