sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartz Sandstone)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan to light brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan to light brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles (mostly quartz). This specimen appears to be a river-worn or water-eroded pebble, likely dating from the Paleozoic to Cenozoic eras depending on local geology.
Uses & applications
Construction aggregate, glass making (if pure quartz), decorative landscaping, and architectural dimension stone.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The Great Sphinx of Giza was carved directly from a natural sandstone outcrop.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is commonly found in riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas. Collectors look for unique erosion patterns or embedded fossils.
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