sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-grey, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic texture; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brownish-grey, or yellowish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brownish-grey, or yellowish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic texture; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (building stone), as an abrasive in industry, or as a reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide, especially in ancient seabed regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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