sedimentary
Sandstone (Red/Brown)
Arenite (SiO2 dominated with iron oxides)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: reddish-brown, tan, or grey; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular, clastic (sand-like grains); Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- reddish-brown, tan, or grey
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: reddish-brown, tan, or grey; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular, clastic (sand-like grains); Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains usually of quartz or feldspar. The red coloring indicates the presence of iron oxides (hematite). Commonly formed in desert, river, or coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction as a building stone and paving material; also used in glass making and as a source of industrial sand.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks. It is essential for groundwater aquifers and petroleum reservoirs due to its high porosity and permeability.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel. It is commonly found in canyon lands, riverbeds, and sedimentary basins worldwide. Look for visible layering (bedding).
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