sedimentary
Sandstone (River Pebble)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily Quartz)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or grey with iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular/Gritty; Cleavage: None.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or grey with iron oxide staining
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, or grey with iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular/Gritty; Cleavage: None.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains, typically quartz and feldspar, through compaction and cementation. This specific specimen has been water-worn into a smooth pebble shape.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction (as aggregate), landscaping, building stone, and occasionally for simple carvings or as a source for quartz in industry.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The reddish-brown staining on this specimen is likely due to the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals (limonite or hematite).
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). Found in riverbeds, beaches, and desert environments worldwide.
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