sedimentary
Sandstone (Sedimentary Rock)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich), Color: Tan, brown, reddish-orange due to iron oxides, Luster: Dull, earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (granular), Cleavage: None
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich), Color: Tan, brown, reddish-orange due to iron oxides, Luster: Dull, earthy, Crystal structure: Clastic (granular), Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Deeply weathered by wind and water erosion, forming the grooved textures shown.
Uses & applications
Primary use in construction as a building stone, decorative masonry, and used in glass manufacturing if silica content is high.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The grooves seen in the image are likely 'rillenkarren' or similar erosional features caused by water runoff.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Commonly found in deserts, river basins, and coastal areas. Highly valuable for tracking ancient environmental changes.
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Brown Sandstone (River Rock)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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