sedimentary
Sandstone (Weathered)
Arenite (typically SiO2 as quartz grains)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (for grains); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (for grains)
- Color
- Tan, beige, or light brown
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (for grains); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (granular); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, usually in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches. Geological age can range from Precambrian to Holocene.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material, for sharpening tools, in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and as decorative landscaping stone.
Geological facts
Sandstone acts as a natural aquifer, holding large amounts of water or petroleum in the spaces between grains. Famous examples include the red cliffs of the Grand Canyon and the Petra archaeological site.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide, particularly in arid regions or along current and ancient coastlines.
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