sedimentary
Sandstone (with Iron Staining)
Arenite (SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeOOH impurities)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (quartz-rich grains), Color: Tan to reddish-brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Texture: Clastic/Gritty like sandpaper, Cleavage: None
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs (quartz-rich grains), Color: Tan to reddish-brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Texture: Clastic/Gritty like sandpaper, Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years in marine, river, or desert environments. This specimen shows oxidation (rusting) of iron-bearing minerals.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, road base, abrasive, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum and groundwater. Common in landscape gardening.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic shapes of the Grand Canyon and Zion National Park are primarily carved from sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty feel and visible sand grains. It is often found in outcropping ledges or riverbeds. For collectors, search for layers with cross-bedding or interesting color banding.
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