sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Mohs hardness 6-7, tan to brownish color, gritty texture like sandpaper, clastic structure, low to medium specific gravity
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6-7, tan to brownish color, gritty texture like sandpaper, clastic structure, low to medium specific gravity
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in desert, river, or ocean beach environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, paving, as a decorative stone for sculptures, and as a reservoir rock for water and oil.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth and often contains clues about ancient climates through cross-bedding patterns.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the visible sand grains and the gritty feel when rubbed. Commonly found in coastal cliffs, canyons, and arid regions.
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Arenite (if sandstone)
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Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
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Brown Sandstone (River Rock)
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Shale
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Mudstone
Argillite / Siliciclastic sedimentary rock
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