sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 6-7, tan to brownish color, gritty texture like sandpaper, clastic structure, low to medium specific gravity
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6-7, tan to brownish color, gritty texture like sandpaper, clastic structure, low to medium specific gravity
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in desert, river, or ocean beach environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction, paving, as a decorative stone for sculptures, and as a reservoir rock for water and oil.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth and often contains clues about ancient climates through cross-bedding patterns.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the visible sand grains and the gritty feel when rubbed. Commonly found in coastal cliffs, canyons, and arid regions.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion
Calcareous concretion; exact fossil and host-rock composition are not identifiable from the image
fossil
Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
fossil
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
sedimentary
Shale
Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary