sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellowish brown; Luster: Dull; Texture: Granular, sandpaper-like feel; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, yellowish brown
- Luster
- Dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellowish brown; Luster: Dull; Texture: Granular, sandpaper-like feel; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size (0.0625 to 2 mm) in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for paving and building facades; also used in manufacturing glass and for decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks in the world and often acts as a massive natural filter for groundwater and oil/gas reservoirs due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering or bedding. Common in arid regions and canyon environments.
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Brown Sandstone (River Rock)
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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