sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture with visible sand-sized grains; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture with visible sand-sized grains; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high silica content), and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient riverbeds or beaches. It accounts for about 20 to 25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper). Look for layering or bedding planes. Common in arid regions and coastal cliffs.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
fossil
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
sedimentary
Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Shale
Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary