sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 with various cementing minerals)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull to earthy; Texture: Gritty, sand-like grains; Porosity: High; Structure: Clastic

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified July 9, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull to earthy; Texture: Gritty, sand-like grains; Porosity: High; Structure: Clastic

Formation & geological history

Formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years in environments like beaches, deserts, or river beds.

Uses & applications

Widely used for construction, paving material, grindstones, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum and groundwater.

Geological facts

Sandstone can vary in color depending on its mineral content; red sandstone indicates iron oxide, while yellow-tan suggests goethite or limonite. It makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive sandpaper-like feel. It is found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for fossil inclusions or unique bedding patterns.