sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal composition)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, reddish-grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, reddish-grey
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 16, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, reddish-grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through pressure and mineral precipitation over millions of years in river beds or desert environments.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction, road aggregates, and as a material for paving stones or historical architecture.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is porous and often acts as a natural aquifer or reservoir for oil and gas.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible layered bedding. Common in arid regions and coastal cliffs. Check for grain size and mineral cement (usually silica or calcite).