sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily Quartz chemical formula SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, or grey; Luster: dull to earthy; Structure: clastic texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.1 to 2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- tan, yellow, or grey
- Luster
- dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: tan, yellow, or grey; Luster: dull to earthy; Structure: clastic texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.1 to 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through hydraulic action in rivers, lakes, or oceans over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, and for decorative masonry. It is also an important aquifer and reservoir rock for oil and gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of all sedimentary rocks found on Earth. It is famous for forming dramatic landscapes like the Grand Canyon and Antelope Canyon.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its 'sand-paper' feel and visible layers (bedding). In the field, look for grainy texture and porous surface that may absorb water slightly.
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Arenite (if sandstone)
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