sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, beige, grey
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 9, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, typically sand-sized grains of quartz or feldspar, over millions of years in river beds, beaches, or deserts.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction as a building stone, in the manufacture of glass, for paving, and occasionally for sharpening metal tools (whetstones).

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and the Nabataean city of Petra are both primarily composed of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often shows bedding planes or layers. Found globally in old marine or terrestrial basins.