sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (grains) but can crumble easily; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (grains) but can crumble easily
Color: Brown, tan, reddish
Luster: Dull, earthy

Identified July 15, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (grains) but can crumble easily; Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through wind or water action in environments like deserts, river beds, or beaches.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction, paving, as a decorative stone, and historically as a material for grindstones and sculpture.

Geological facts

Sandstone can act as an important reservoir for groundwater and oil because it is often porous and permeable. Some of the world's most famous rock formations, like those in the Grand Canyon, are primarily sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is extremely common worldwide in sedimentary basins. Collectors often look for colorful banding or fossil inclusions.