sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (specifically Quartz Arenite)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels abrasive like sandpaper.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, or light brown
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels abrasive like sandpaper.
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles, typically quartz or feldspar, in environments such as beaches, deserts, or river deltas.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a building material, paving stone, and decorative landscaping rock. In industry, it is a source of silica for glassmaking.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve incredibly detailed fossils and ancient ripple marks from prehistoric sea floors. It accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and visible sand grains. It is extremely common worldwide. Look for flat bedding planes or cross-bedding indicating ancient wind or water currents.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
fossil
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
sedimentary
Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Shale
Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary