sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (of grains); Color: tan, grey, or light brown; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (of grains)
- Color
- tan, grey, or light brown
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (of grains); Color: tan, grey, or light brown; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: granular/clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through lithification in desert, river, or ocean beach environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and for road base or landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient riverbeds. It is a major reservoir for water (aquifers) and oil/gas due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture. Common in sedimentary basins and canyons globally. Collectors look for unique banding (wonderstone) or fossils.
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