sedimentary

Sandstone

Sandstone (principally SiO2/Silicon Dioxide)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, beige, or light brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 14, 2026More sedimentary →

Explore Sandstone in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material over millions of years. This usually occurs in desert, river, or ocean environments through the process of lithification.

Uses & applications

Extensively used as a building material, in the manufacture of glass (if high silica content), as a reservoir rock for petroleum and water, and for decorative garden stones.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks in the Earth's crust. It accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks globally. Famous structures like Petra in Jordan are carved directly into sandstone cliffs.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Collectors often look for examples with distinct layers or fossils. Found globally in basins and mountainous regions.