sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty like sandpaper.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty like sandpaper.

Formation & geological history

Sandstone forms from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (primarily quartz and feldspar). It typically forms in deserts, riverbeds, and ocean basins.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction (as a building stone), glass manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone can be millions of years old and often preserves cross-bedding structures that indicate the direction of ancient winds or water currents.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon lands, riverbanks, and sedimentary basins.