sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty like sandpaper.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8. Feels gritty like sandpaper.
Formation & geological history
Sandstone forms from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (primarily quartz and feldspar). It typically forms in deserts, riverbeds, and ocean basins.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction (as a building stone), glass manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone can be millions of years old and often preserves cross-bedding structures that indicate the direction of ancient winds or water currents.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon lands, riverbanks, and sedimentary basins.
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