sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red-brown, tan, or yellowish due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Clastic, gritty feel like sandpaper; Crystal Structure: Amorphous (grains are rounded to angular)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Red-brown, tan, or yellowish due to iron oxide staining
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size (0.0625 to 2 mm). These particles are usually transport by water or wind and deposited in basins, beaches, or deserts. Generally formed in the Paleozoic to Cenozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for paving, walling, and decorative stonework. Historically used for grindstones and architectural monuments.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity allows it to act as an important reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture and visibility of individual grains. Often shows bedding or layering. Common in arid regions, riverbeds, and coastal cliffs. Look for 'cross-bedding' which indicates fossilized sand dunes.