sedimentary
Sedimentary Sandstone with Iron Oxide
Ferruginous Sandstone
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to tan due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular and clastic; Cleavage: None; Structure: Massive or layered.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Reddish-brown to tan due to iron oxide staining
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to tan due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular and clastic; Cleavage: None; Structure: Massive or layered.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (usually quartz) by a mineral binder such as silica or calcium carbonate, with significant iron-rich minerals leaching into the matrix.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, in landscaping, and in the manufacturing of abrasives or glass if silica content is high.
Geological facts
The red color in sandstone is often a result of 'desert varnish' or hematite coating the individual sand grains; it is the primary rock type of many famous natural landmarks like the Grand Canyon.
Field identification & locations
Field identification involves checking for a gritty, sandpaper-like feel and the presence of visible grains. It can be found in sedimentary basins and riverbeds worldwide.
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