mineral

Specular Hematite (Iron Ore)

Hematite (Alpha-Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering metallic luster; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Streak: Reddish-brown; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26.

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering metallic luster
Streak: Reddish-brown

Identified July 13, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering metallic luster; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Streak: Reddish-brown; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26.

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes, sedimentary precipitation, or contact metamorphism. Often found in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) dating back to the Precambrian era, over 2 billion years old.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron for steel production; used as a polishing agent (jeweler's rouge), pigment in paints, and in jewelry and decorative carvings.

Geological facts

Specularite gets its name from its 'specular' or mirror-like reflection. While the stone looks metallic and silver-black, if you rub it against a piece of unglazed porcelain, it leaves a distinct blood-red streak.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high density (feels heavy for its size) and its characteristic red streak. Found in iron-rich mining districts such as Lake Superior (USA), Brazil, and Australia.