mineral

Sphalerite with Siderite and Pyrite

Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) with Iron Carbonate (FeCO3) and Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Sphalerite: Hardness 3.5-4, metallic to adamantine luster, black to resinous color, isometric crystal system. Siderite: Pale yellow/brown bladed crystals. Pyrite: Brassy yellow metallic luster.

Identified July 17, 2026More mineral →

Explore Sphalerite with Siderite and Pyrite in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Sphalerite: Hardness 3.5-4, metallic to adamantine luster, black to resinous color, isometric crystal system. Siderite: Pale yellow/brown bladed crystals. Pyrite: Brassy yellow metallic luster.

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins through the precipitation of sulfide minerals from hot, mineral-rich fluids at low to moderate temperatures, often associated with sedimentary lead-zinc deposits.

Uses & applications

Sphalerite is the primary ore for zinc production. Siderite is an iron ore. Specimens are highly valued by mineral collectors for their complex crystal habits and luster.

Geological facts

Sphalerite is known for its high dispersion, which can exceed that of a diamond when clear enough to be cut, although its softness makes it unsuitable for most jewelry.

Field identification & locations

Identify by the distinct dodecahedral or tetrahedral crystal forms and resinous luster. Common in Mississippi Valley-type deposits, Peru, and Bulgaria.