mineral

Chrysocolla

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4 nH2O

Hardness: 2.5-7.0 (varies based on silica content); Color: Cyan, blue-green, emerald green, or black; Luster: Vitreous, waxy to earthy; Crystal structure: Orthorhombic (acicular or massive crytocrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.4

Hardness: 2
Color: Cyan, blue-green, emerald green, or black
Luster: Vitreous, waxy to earthy

Identified May 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies as a secondary mineral. It precipitates from groundwater that contains dissolved silica and copper, often replacing or infiltrating other minerals in arid environments.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as a minor ore of copper, as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons and beads), and as a popular mineral specimen for collectors.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but is generally softer and more reactive to acids. It is sometimes found intergrown with quartz, creating a harder version known as 'Stellarite' or 'Gem Silica'.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its vivid blue-green color and lack of crystal faces; it often has a tendency to stick to the tongue due to its porous nature. Commonly found in copper-rich regions like Arizona (USA), Chile, DRC, and Peru.

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Arenite (SiO2 based)

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Nephrite Jade

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Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

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Metamorphic Rock

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