mineral

Garnet (Pyrope-Almandine series)

Garnet Group, (Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12

Hardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Deep red, reddish-brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.3.

Hardness: 6
Color: Deep red, reddish-brown
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified March 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Deep red, reddish-brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.3.

Formation & geological history

Formed under high temperatures and pressures in metamorphic rocks like schist and gneiss, or as accessory minerals in igneous rocks. Found in Precambrian to Cenozoic geological formations.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in fine jewelry when faceted. Industrial uses include abrasives (sandblasting), water filtration, and waterjet cutting.

Geological facts

Garnets are the birthstone for January. They have been used in jewelry since Ancient Egypt. Red garnets are often mistaken for rubies but differ significantly in crystal structure and chemistry.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its dodecahedral crystal habit, high hardness, and lack of cleavage. Common locations include Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Brazil, and the USA (Arizona/Idaho).

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