mineral

Rhodochrosite

Manganese Carbonate (MnCO3)

Hardness: 3.5-4 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, rose-red, cherry-red, yellowish-gray, or brown; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in three directions; Specific gravity: 3.4-3.7

Hardness: 3
Color: Pink, rose-red, cherry-red, yellowish-gray, or brown
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in hydrothermal veins and as a secondary mineral in sedimentary manganese deposits. It is often found in late-stage hydrothermal environments associated with silver, copper, and lead minerals.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons and beads) and as a decorative stone. It is also highly prized as a mineral specimen for collectors. Historically, it has been used as a minor ore of manganese.

Geological facts

Known as the 'Inca Rose' (Rosa del Inca) because the Incas believed it was the solidified blood of their ancestral kings. It is the national gemstone of Argentina and the state mineral of Colorado.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic pink color and white banding. It reacts with warm hydrochloric acid. Look for it in high-elevation mining districts such as the Capillitas Mine in Argentina or the Sweet Home Mine in the USA.