Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: honey yellow to orange; Luster: resinous; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (very light/buoyant).

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the fossilization of organic tree resin (typically from extinct coniferous trees) over millions of years. Most specimens are from the Eocene or Cretaceous periods.

Uses & Applications

Used primarily in jewelry (beads, cabochons), carving, and as a source for understanding prehistoric ecosystems (inclusions).

Geological Facts

Amber is one of the few organic materials classified as a 'gemstone'. It can often contain trapped insects, plant matter, or air bubbles that are millions of years old.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight; it will float in saltwater and produce a sweet, pine-like odor when touched with a hot needle. Major deposits are found in the Baltic region and the Dominican Republic.

Identified on: 4/15/2026

Mode: Standard