Amethyst

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7.0 on Mohs scale; Color: light lilac to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & Geological History

Formed in hydrothermal veins and geodes. The purple color is caused by the presence of iron (Fe3+) impurities and natural irradiation during its formation. Often found in igneous rocks like basalt.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings) and for ornamental purposes. It is also highly valued by mineral collectors and used in holistic practices.

Geological Facts

It is the birthstone for February. Historically, ancient Greeks believed amethyst could prevent intoxication; the name comes from the Greek 'amethystos,' meaning 'not drunken.'

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its purple hue, hexagonal crystal habit (six-sided prisms), and its ability to scratch glass. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard