mineral

Native Sulfur

Sulfur (S)

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to pale yellow; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.1

Hardness: 1
Color: Bright yellow to pale yellow
Luster: Resinous to greasy

Identified March 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 1.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright yellow to pale yellow; Luster: Resinous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.1

Formation & geological history

Primary formation occurs through sublimation from volcanic gases (fumaroles). It also forms secondary deposits from the bacterial breakdown of sulfate minerals (like gypsum) in sedimentary basins, often associated with salt domes.

Uses & applications

Primary source for sulfuric acid production used in fertilizers, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Historically used in gunpowder; currently used in rubber vulcanization and as a fungicide.

Geological facts

Native sulfur is one of the few minerals that is a pure element. It burns with a striking blue flame and emits a strong, choking sulfur dioxide odor. It has extremely low thermal conductivity, meaning it feels warm to the touch and can crack if held tightly in a warm hand.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct yellow color, low density (very light), and faint 'rotten egg' smell when rubbed or struck. Common locations include Sicily, the Gulf Coast of the US, and volcanic regions like the Andes or Indonesia.