mineral

Pyrite

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Brass-yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic, Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.2

Hardness: 6-6

Identified April 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Brass-yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic, Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.2

Formation & geological history

Formed in high and low-temperature hydrothermal veins, as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks, and in sedimentary rocks like shale and coal. It occurs in diverse geological environments from billions of years ago to more recent deposits.

Uses & applications

Source of sulfur for sulfuric acid production; historically used in firearms (wheel-locks); currently used in jewelry (as marcasite) and as a semiconductor in solar panels and batteries.

Geological facts

Known as 'Fool's Gold' because its color resembles real gold, though it is much harder and lacks gold's malleability. It is one of the most common sulfide minerals on Earth.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its cubic crystal form and brittle nature (gold is soft and bends, pyrite shatters). Found worldwide, commonly in countries like Peru, Spain, Italy, and the USA.