Rock Identifier
Tiger's Eye and Carnelian Quartz (Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)) — metamorphic and mineral
metamorphic and mineral

Tiger's Eye and Carnelian Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Golden-brown (Tiger's Eye) and reddish-orange (Carnelian); Luster: Vitreous to silky; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.64–2.71

Hardness
6
Color
Golden-brown (Tiger's Eye) and reddish-orange (Carnelian)
Luster
Vitreous to silky
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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Golden-brown (Tiger's Eye) and reddish-orange (Carnelian); Luster: Vitreous to silky; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.64–2.71

Formation & geological history

Tiger's Eye is a pseudomorph formed when silica replaces crocidolite asbestos fibers under high pressure. Carnelian forms in volcanic cavities and sedimentary rocks at low temperatures. Deposits can date back millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in jewelry for beads, cabochons, and carvings. Also used as decorative accents in home decor and by collectors for metaphysical purposes.

Geological facts

Tiger's Eye is known for its chatoyancy, an optical effect where light reflects off the fibrous structure to mimic a cat's eye. Carnelian was a significant gemstone in Ancient Rome and Egypt, often used for signet rings and seals because hot wax does not stick to it.

Field identification & locations

Identify Tiger's Eye by its golden-brown bands and 'shimmer' when moved under light. Identify Carnelian by its translucency and uniform reddish-orange color. Commonly found in South Africa, Western Australia, India, and Brazil. Collectors should look for vibrant, distinct banding without heavy fractures.

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