mineral

Amethyst

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, mauve; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple, violet, mauve
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, mauve; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins and hollow cavities (geodes) within igneous rocks. The purple color is caused by irradiation of iron impurities within the silicon dioxide crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in jewelry and decorative items. It is also a popular collector's mineral and used in holistic practices.

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered a precious gem in antiquity, on par with diamonds, until large deposits were found in Brazil. The name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos,' meaning 'not intoxicated.'

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color and hexagonal crystal habit. Found globally with major deposits in Brazil, Uruguay, and Zambia. Collectors look for deep 'Siberian' purple hues.