Quartz

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically colorless, white, or cloudy; Luster: vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: none (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is found in all geological environments and across all geological ages, from the Precambrian to the present.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in glass manufacturing, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction sand, and as a popular gemstone or collecting specimen in various colors.

Geological Facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is a 'piezoelectric' material, meaning it generates an electric charge when mechanical pressure is applied, making it vital for watches and clocks.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass and steel), lack of cleavage, and its characteristic conchoidal fracture. Often found in veins or as a major component of granite.

Identified on: 4/25/2026

Mode: Standard