mineral

Specular Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Trigonal; Streak: Cherry red to reddish-brown; SG: 5.26.

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter
Luster: Metallic

Identified June 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Trigonal; Streak: Cherry red to reddish-brown; SG: 5.26.

Formation & geological history

Formed as a primary mineral and an alteration product in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Common in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) dating back over 2 billion years.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as iron ore for steel production. The specular variety is also popular with mineral collectors and occasionally used in jewelry or as an abrasive.

Geological facts

Specularite gets its name from its 'specular' or mirror-like reflection. Despite looking like steel, its streak—the color of the powder—is always red, earning it the name hematite after the Greek word for blood, 'haima'.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high density (heavy weight for size) and the characteristic glittery flakes. Perform a streak test on unglazed porcelain to see the diagnostic red color. Found globally, especially in areas like Brazil, Lake Superior region, and Western Australia.