metamorphic
Charoite
(K,Sr,Ba,Ca)15-16(Na,Ca)8(Si,Al)24O60(OH,F)4 · nH2O (Hydrated silicate of potassium, calcium, and sodium)
Hardness: 5 to 6 on Mohs scale; Color: Lavender, violet, purple with swirling patterns; Luster: Vitreous to pearly, silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in three directions; Specific gravity: 2.54 - 2.58
- Hardness
- 5 to 6 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Lavender, violet, purple with swirling patterns
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly, silky
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5 to 6 on Mohs scale; Color: Lavender, violet, purple with swirling patterns; Luster: Vitreous to pearly, silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Good in three directions; Specific gravity: 2.54 - 2.58
Formation & geological history
Formed via contact metamorphism where an alkali syenite intrusion altered limestone (carbonatite) deposits. It is found in the Chary River area of the Murun Massif in Siberia, Russia. It is typically associated with the Mesozoic era.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as an ornamental stone, for lapidary work (cabochons, beads), decorative bowls, bookends, and high-end jewelry. It is highly prized by mineral collectors due to its rarity.
Geological facts
Charoite is one of the rarest gemstones in the world because it is only found in one specific location in Russia. It was first discovered in the 1940s but not scientifically described until 1978. It often exhibits chatoyancy (a cat-eye effect) in its swirling fibers.
Field identification & locations
To identify in the field, look for the unique 'swirling' or 'marbled' purple color and silky luster which is unlike most other minerals. It is almost never found in its natural state outside of the Sakha Republic. Collectors should look for intense purple saturation and chatoyant ribbons.
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