mineral

Rough Green Beryl (Emerald variety)

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale green to intense deep green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.67-2.78

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale green to intense deep green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale green to intense deep green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.67-2.78

Formation & geological history

Usually formed in pegmatite veins or hydrothermal deposits involving high heat and pressure. The geological age varies greatly from Precambrian to Cenozoic depending on the deposit location.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in high-end jewelry and as gemstone specimens for collectors. In lower non-gem grades, it can be a source of beryllium used in aerospace and electronics.

Geological facts

Emerald is one of the four recognized 'precious' gemstones. Its color is specifically caused by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium substituted for aluminum in the crystal lattice.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and its inability to be scratched by quartz or steel. Common locations include Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Russia.

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