sedimentary

Banded Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grey, tan, and black bands; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).

Hardness: 6
Color: Grey, tan, and black bands
Luster: Dull to waxy

Identified May 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Grey, tan, and black bands; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Cryptocrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).

Formation & geological history

Formed in marine environments through the accumulation of silica-rich organic remains or chemical precipitation from hydrothermal fluids, often in layered deposits during the Phanerozoic eon.

Uses & applications

Historically used for making sharp tools and arrowheads. Currently used in road construction as aggregate and as decorative landscaping stones.

Geological facts

The dark bands are often caused by organic matter or manganese oxides. Chert is one of the most durable rocks and has been used by humans for millions of years to create sparks for fire.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (it will scratch glass), conchoidal (shell-like) fracture patterns, and smooth texture. Common in limestone or chalk beds.