mineral

Spessartine Garnet

Manganese aluminum silicate (Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Bright orange to reddish-orange, Luster: Vitreous to adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral), Specific gravity: 4.12-4.18

Hardness: 6

Identified May 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Bright orange to reddish-orange, Luster: Vitreous to adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral), Specific gravity: 4.12-4.18

Formation & geological history

Formed in manganese-rich metamorphic rocks such as phyllite or schist, and also occurs in igneous rocks like granite pegmatites and rhyolites.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry due to its high refractive index and vibrant color; also a favorite for mineral collectors in its matrix form.

Geological facts

Known as 'Mandarin Garnet' when found in a vivid, pure orange hue. It is one of the few garnets that is not traditionally treated with heat or chemicals to enhance color.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct orange color, lack of cleavage, and high density. Commonly found in Namibia, Nigeria, Brazil, and the United States (California/Virginia).

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