mineral

Amethyst

Amethyst (variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Purple/Violet, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified April 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Purple/Violet, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous or metamorphic rocks as a result of hydrothermal activity. It commonly grows inside volcanic cavities or geodes when silica-rich fluids permeate the voids. The purple color is caused by irradiation of iron impurities within the quartz lattice.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry for rings, necklaces, and earrings. It is also highly popular as decorative specimens, in crystal healing practices, and as a birthstone (February).

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered one of the 'Cardinal gems' of high value until the 18th century when large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive purple color and hexagonal prism shapes in raw form. It cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, South Korea, and various locations in Africa.