mineral

Turquoise (possible Dyed Howlite or Magnesite imitation)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise)

Hardness: 5-6 Mohs (authentic) vs 3.5 (Howlite); Color: Sky blue to green with dark matrix veining; Luster: Waxy to subvitreous; Crystal Structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect (rarely seen in massive forms); Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.9.

Hardness: 5-6 Mohs (authentic) vs 3
Color: Sky blue to green with dark matrix veining
Luster: Waxy to subvitreous

Identified May 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed by the percolation of acidic aqueous solutions during the weathering and oxidation of pre-existing minerals. It is a secondary mineral usually found in arid regions within volcanic rocks or sedimentary phosphate-rich rocks.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry for cabochons, beads, and inlay work. Highly valued for ornamental carvings and as a collector's gemstone since ancient Egyptian and Persian times.

Geological facts

Turquoise is one of the oldest known gemstones, used as a holy stone and protector by many cultures. Much of the turquoise on the modern commercial market is actually dyed Howlite or Magnesite because real turquoise is increasingly rare and expensive.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its association with copper deposits and its unique waxy luster. To distinguish from imitations, look for color concentration in cracks (indicating dye) or perform a hardness test; real turquoise will not be scratched by a copper coin.

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