mineral
Pearl
Biogenic CaCO3 (Aragonite and Calcite)
Hardness: 2.5-4.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Silver-grey, white, cream; Luster: Pearly (iridescent); Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Silver-grey, white, cream
- Luster
- Pearly (iridescent)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-4.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Silver-grey, white, cream; Luster: Pearly (iridescent); Crystal structure: Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.60-2.85
Formation & geological history
Produced within the soft tissue of a living shelled mollusk or other animal; chemically composed of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form, which has been deposited in concentric layers.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry such as necklaces, earrings, and rings; also regarded as a collector's gemstone and used in some cosmetic powders.
Geological facts
The 'Pearl of Lao Tzu' is one of the largest pearls ever found. Pearls are the only gemstones made by living creatures.
Field identification & locations
Identify by their unique luster and smooth texture; the 'tooth test' (grittiness against teeth) can differentiate real pearls from glass beads. Found in saltwater or freshwater mollusk habitats.
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