mineral
Aquamarine
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.80
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Pale blue to light green
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.80
Formation & geological history
Formed in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes involving beryllium-rich fluids. Found in age-variable deposits ranging from Precambrian to Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry; industrial use as a source of beryllium for aerospace and electronics.
Geological facts
The name comes from the Latin 'aqua marina' meaning water of the sea. It is the birthstone for March and was traditionally believed to protect sailors at sea.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (scratches glass/quartz), hexagonal crystal habit, and distinct vitreous luster. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Madagascar.
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