mineral

Diamond

C (Carbon)

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (as shown), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Identified May 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (as shown), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Formation & geological history

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, approximately 100 miles below the surface, and brought to the surface by kimberlite eruptions.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry (engagement rings, necklaces) and for industrial purposes such as cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. They are composed of a single element: carbon. Most natural diamonds are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its brilliance, ability to scratch any other material, and heat conductivity. Commonly found in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits in locations like South Africa, Russia, and Canada.