Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0–2.5; Color: Yellow, orange, honey-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 1.05–1.10 (floats in salt water)

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the fossilized resin of ancient pine trees and other conifers. Most significant deposits range from 30 to 90 million years old (Eocene to Cretaceous periods).

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry, decorative arts, and as a gemstone. Historically used in perfumery and traditional medicine.

Geological Facts

Amber often contains 'inclusions' like prehistoric insects, plant parts, or feathers perfectly preserved for millions of years. It was one of the first materials used to study static electricity.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight, warmth to the touch (unlike cold glass/stone), and ability to float in a saturated salt water solution. Common in the Baltic region and Dominican Republic.

Identified on: 4/25/2026

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