Aquamarine

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Light blue to pale green; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Imperfect; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.74

Formation & Geological History

Usually found in granitic pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. It forms from magma cooling slowly deep within the earth's crust, allowing large crystals to develop. Age varies by location, often associated with Mesozoic or older igneous intrusions.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in high-end and fashion jewelry as gemstones. It is also the birthstone for March. Historically used for making spectacles and lenses.

Geological Facts

The name comes from the Latin 'aqua marina', meaning 'sea water'. It was historically believed to protect sailors at sea. The world's largest cut aquamarine is the Dom Pedro Aquamarine, weighing 10,363 carats.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its pale blue hue and high hardness (it cannot be scratched by glass or steel). Look for hexagonal crystal habits in the field within pegmatite outcrops. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, and Madagascar.

Identified on: 4/27/2026

Mode: Standard