sedimentary
Yellow Ocher (Iron-rich Silt/Clay)
Goethite-rich Limonite (FeO(OH)qnH2O)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectFine-grained earthy texture, mustard yellow to brownish-yellow color, dull/earthy luster, Mohs hardness 1-5 (variable as powder), specific gravity ~3.0-4.0
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Physical properties
Fine-grained earthy texture, mustard yellow to brownish-yellow color, dull/earthy luster, Mohs hardness 1-5 (variable as powder), specific gravity ~3.0-4.0
Formation & geological history
Formed through the weathering of iron-bearing minerals in soil and sedimentary layers, typically in oxidized zones of ore deposits or within clay-rich sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a natural earth pigment for paints, dyes, and cosmetics. Historically significant in rock art and pottery glazes.
Geological facts
Ocher is one of the oldest pigments used by humans, with evidence of use dating back over several hundred thousand years in early human history and cave paintings.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its distinct staining property and earthy smell when damp. Commonly found in oxidized iron zones or as a secondary mineral in clay beds. Collectors value it as a raw pigment source.
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