mineral
Yellow Quartz (Citrine Quartz)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow to honey-orange; Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pale yellow to honey-orange
- Luster
- Vitreous/Glassy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow to honey-orange; Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in magmatic and metamorphic environments, specifically in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins. The color is typically derived from trace amounts of iron within the crystal lattice exposed to heat.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in jewelry (as a gemstone), crystal healing, and as decorative collector specimens.
Geological facts
Natural citrine is quite rare; much of the citrine on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. It is often referred to as the Merchant's Stone for its alleged ability to attract wealth.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia. Look for translucency and consistent waxy or glassy luster.
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