mineral

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.66-2.80.

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale blue to light green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.66-2.80.

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in pegmatites through hydrothermal processes where beryllium-rich fluids cool and crystallize over millions of years, often in the late stages of magmatic evolution.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry and for mineral specimen collecting due to its clarity and calming color.

Geological facts

The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the Dom Pedro, which weighed approximately 110 kilograms in its rough state. It is the birthstone for March and is named from the Latin 'aqua marina' meaning sea water.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic pale blue-to-teal color, high hardness (will scratch glass), and hexagonal crystal habit. Found commonly in Brazil, Pakistan, and Madagascar. Look for it in coarse-grained granite regions.