mineral

Peridot (Olivine)

Magnesium Iron Silicate (Mg,Fe)2SiO4

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Lime, olive, or yellowish-green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor/imperfect; Specific Gravity: 3.27–3.37

Hardness: 6
Color: Lime, olive, or yellowish-green
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Lime, olive, or yellowish-green; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor/imperfect; Specific Gravity: 3.27–3.37

Formation & geological history

Formed deep in the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity in mafic or ultramafic igneous rocks (basalt). It can also be found in pallasite meteorites.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as a gemstone in jewelry. In its raw form (as olivine), it is used in industrial processes like casting molds and as a refractory material in steel making.

Geological facts

Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color. It is the birthstone for August and has been found in meteorites, suggesting it exists throughout the solar system.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive 'oily' green color and vitreous luster. Commonly found in lava fields or volcanic sand. Search in volcanic regions like Hawaii or Peridot Mesa, Arizona.

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